Econ ON OLIGOPOLY & SOME GAME THEORY IDEAS WITH OLIGOPOLY Assignment

Econ ON OLIGOPOLY & SOME GAME THEORY IDEAS WITH OLIGOPOLY - Assignment Example In the contestable market the evaluation of dealings among current firms and prospective entrants is investigated more critically. The market incumbents maintain an oligopoly through the determination of price levels in the market in their favor. Again the oligopoly is maintained by the government favor and creates a barrier for other firms from venturing in the market. 2) Suppose there are two firms operating in an oligopoly (termed a â€Å"duopoly†), where the firm 1 cost function is given by C1 = 18Q1, for C1 = total cost, and Q1 = firm 1 output. The cost function for firm 2 is given by C2 = 21Q2, and C2 = total cost of firm 2, and Q2 = output of firm 2. The inverse demand for the product, Q, being sold by the oligopolist firms is given by P = 127 – 3Q, where Q = Q1+ Q2, and Q1 and Q2 are the same product (vats of toxic solution for breaking down chemical components to be used in downstream plastic manufacture). Taking into the consideration the Cournot model in regard to the duopoly that is two firms where both firms concurrently decide a quantity to produce. Designating the quantity q1 as the amount produced by firm 1 and q2 as the corresponding amount produced by firm 2. Therefore the total quantity The firm production choices are strategic substitutes. That is, an increase in the amount produced by firm1 (holding fixed the underlying amount produced by the corresponding firm 2) will considerably lower the market price and thus resulting in lesser profits for firm 2. Thus, every firm ought to take into consideration the prevailing the production decisions of the other supplementary firm in the process of undertaking its individual production decision Firm 1 possess a marginal cost of production equivalent to c1 accompanied by firm 2 which possess a marginal cost of production equivalent to c2. The corresponding Nash equilibrium is computed through the employment tow

Metropolitan Opera House Essay Example for Free

Metropolitan Opera House Essay Maria Callas gives an outstanding performance at the Metropolitan Opera House in New York. This is unsurprising as Callas was one of the most famous sopranos of her time and a recognised Diva. The Newspaper review is gushing in praise of Callas who gives a powerful and convincing performance. It is noted that the reviewer had some reservations on a previous performance but the performance of Violetta in La Traviata left the reviewer in no doubt that Callas gave a performance that was the best interpretation he had ever witnessed in all his time attending and reviewing operas. The performance as Viloletta is a more congenial part than previously seen by the reviewer and it has so much passion and personal interpretation that it is difficult to distinguish between the dramatic and vocal performances. The whole performance seems real and the acting and singing become one, the perfect operatic qualities. The words in an opera can seem disjointed and difficult to express when read without music and it is Callas who brings the script and plot alive by sewing all the parts together to make an outstanding dramatic performance in conjunction with the musical performance by the orchestra.. She still had the slight wobble in her voice which is evident on the CD in some places, for example at 1:19 and 02:00 when the singing becomes fortissimo. However her reputation as a performer was so great that her fans and the reviewer where able to forgive this perceived fault and even claim that it added to the intensity of her performance. It shows emotion in the voice and this adds to the tragic quality of the roles often played by female opera singers. The CD shows a wide range of singing from the initial pianissimo start and the pizzicato accompaniment from the string section building up to 1:13 when Callas builds to an ornament at 1:19. The whole performance is very smooth and displays and you can hear the passion in Callas’ voice when she expresses her feelings. The reviewer mentions her striking presence which is an important part of opera throughout the world. Callas’ presence was reinforced by her status as a Diva and her reputation was worldwide. She had performed for the previous 7 years at La Scala in Milan to triumphant reviews and had gained publicity 4 years earlier when her appearance changed dramatically having lost 30 kilos in weight. She was married to a prominent businessman and Opera lover and was on the verge of starting a relationship with a world famous shipping magnate. Callas was portrayed as a Diva in much the same way as someone like Madonna is today and the public interest in her life only served to fuel her presence and reputation on the stage. Opera is performance on a grand scale so much so that opera venues are some of the grandest, most iconic and well recognised places in the world, for example the Sydney Opera House. Those who succeed in such an environment must be larger than life personalities. Maria Callas was certainly a Diva and her life was followed and reported by fans and the press alike. Her life was lived in the glare of publicity and even though she led a private life following her retirement in 1965 she still attracted great interest when she made public appearances. It is easy to see the appeal of her character and that many people liked to think of her as a tragic heroine due to difficult events in her life. In many ways this mirrored the Operatic roles she played with so much conviction it sometimes blurred the boundaries between reality and performance.

Women in Politics Essay -- Papers

Women in Politics Beginning with the early nineteen hundreds, women from all over the country have bounded together, forming leagues and clubs for equal rights. However, it wasn't until today "at the dawn of the twenty-first century, states and international community can no longer refute the fact that humanity is made up of two sexes, not just one" (Oliveria 26). Why has the woman's move for equality just now started to balance itself out? Well, the answer is quite simple; women are just now being looked at as semi-equals. They are beginning to become corporate executives in businesses, and popular in the field of medicine and law. Women have tried hard to push themselves forward in society to create a balanced and harmonious economy and so far it has been successful. Barriers of all kinds have been broken, well, all except a few, mainly in politics and with the information I have collected I will show why. Politics†¦when one stops and thinks of the word "politics" what naturally comes to mind? Our founding fathers, Presidents George Washington, John Adams and Thomas Jefferson; the popular political figures of today, President Bill Clinton, George W. Bush and Al Gore; or do we think about Belva Ann Lockwood, Jeannette Rankin, Frances Perkins, and Eugenie Moore - who? When American's think about politics, Lyn Kathlene, journalist for the "Higher Education Chronicles," states that "ninety-five percent of the time they envision a man who is in charge of running, or helping to run, their country." Is society to blame for this misconception that women do not hold important roles in government and participate in making important decisions for our country? Not really, people just don't hear or read about women in politics as often as... ...ernment? No, but society needs to realize that this is "'the dawn of a new century'" and the role of the female should indeed be reevaluated. Bibliography: Arenofsky, Janice. "Women in Politics." Career World April 1996: 16-21. Hogan, Robert. "The Influence of State and District Conditions on the Representation of Women in U.S. State Legislation." American Politics Research January 20001: 4-24. Hunter, Teola. "A Different View of Progress -- Minority Women in Politics." The Journal of State Government December 1995: 45-52. Kathlene, Lyn. "Studying the New Voice of Women in Politics." The Chronicles of Higher Higher Education 18 Nov. 1992: B2. Periodical Abstracts. Online. 1992. Oliveria, Ruisika. "Women's Long March to Power: The Political Arena." United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization Courier June 2000: 26-35.

Aerophones: Musical Instrument and Small Circular Pieces Essay

The pi is believed to be truly a Thai instrument used since the ancient times. The sound it produces and the blowing technique is unique to the country of Thailand. The basic material for this instrument is hardwood or marble. Its reed comes from small circular pieces of the palmyra leaves tied to a small tube made of silver, bronze, or brass. It is usually played with percussion instruments. Khaen is the most important folk instrument in north Thailand and in Laos. It is made up of fourteen long thin bamboo tubes that are four feet long. The range of the khaen covers two octaves of seven pitches. It is described to produce a drone that is often described as mournful and plaintive. Membranophones The taphon instrument is somewhat similar to the siphon of India. Instead of having it suspended from a strap on the shoulder, that taphon is a drum placed on a stand. It is played with both hands using the palms and the fingers. This instrument is included in the Piphat ensemble. The ramana is a shallow drum that looks like a tambourine without the metallic discs. The diameter of its head is larger than the diameter of its body. Its frame is shallower and narrower than most soup plates. The thon ramana is a bowl-shaped ceramic drum that is used in the Mahori ensemble. Its head is made from various skins of goats, calves, and snakes. It is played with one hand covering and opening the open end of the body in order to control the tone and the other hand tapping the beat. Chordophones The jakhae or jakhe is shaped like a crocodile. Its body is big and hollow in order to resonate the sound of the instrument better. It is placed horizontally on the floor as the player sits on the ground. This instrument has a long neck, a sound box, and three strings attached to pegs. This is Thailand’s most important stringed instrument with the most beautiful sound. The saw sam sai resembles much the Japanese shamisen, but is triangular in shape with a spiked leg. Its body is made from coconut shells and calf-skin. It has three strings with no frets on the neck. The pitch of the string depends on the size of the coconut shell. Idiophones Ranat thum is a box-shaped metallophone that is placed on the floor and played while sitting. It has a range of two-and-a-half octaves that is truck by a padded mallet. Khawng wong lek is a set of gong circles with low pitches that are an octave lower than the khawng wong yai. These tuned gong-kettles are arranged horizontally in a circular frame, where the player sits at the center beating the gongs with two mallets. Khawng wong yai is also a circle of gongs. It is the largest of all the sets of gongs in Thailand. It is composed of 17 knobbed bronze pot-gongs placed into a circular wooden frame. The gong player sits within the circular frame to enable him to strike the gongs with ease. A mallet is used to strike the pot-gongs. The ching chap is a set of percussion instruments likened to a pair of cymbals. It is made out of a thick metal shaped like a tea cup. It is played by hitting both metals together. This musical instrument often emphasizes the duple meter of Thai compositions.

Community College Students Essay

Often times, community college students are depicted by the public and the media as â€Å"not smart enough† or â€Å"not capable. † For example, just recently I was at Barnes and Noble and as I was looking for a book the sales associate approached me. She asked me if I needed help then asked me what school I attended, when I told her that I go to Fullerton College her attitude changed. She asked me if I didn’t go to a four year university because of my grades, when I told her that, that wasn’t the reason she went on ranting that I need to do good in school and I shouldn’t be at a community college. It seems that the public look down on the students at community college. When watching the show, â€Å"Blue Mountain State,† you have a group of friends that happen to be on the universities football team. On the show is portrays the typical university life and the football players engage in heavy drinking, drugs and lots of sex. If a four university is offering that then what is so good about going to one? Often times you hear about crazier parties thrown by universities rather than community colleges. Universities are supposed to be prestigious but these huge parties are throwing them off. Many times the public says that community college is no good because of its parties with drugs, they say that’s why no students should aim for community colleges but statistics say that universities throw the biggest parties. Who are the bad guys now? Recent talk on the website collegeconfidential. om, students talk about how their parents do not want their kids to go to a community college. This is a website for real people with answers from people who have had the experiences. A student just recently posted that his parents did not want him to go to a community college because they are no good. Many people were quick to respond to his post, most of the people who replied were adults who have had the experience, even some professors, and they told him that community college is not bad at all. The responders replied by saying that ommunity college has great professors and are cheaper than a four year university. Of course at a four year university you will get a bit better education, but for those who cannot afford the fees it is great for them. For example, a user , â€Å"NTKTOP,† posted this comment. â€Å"My parents say that they suck and that they’re going to kick me out of the house if I go to one. † This student sees nothing wrong with community college but his parents do, then this is what one San Diego State University graduate had to say, â€Å"I don’t think they’re bad. Of course, it depends on the school you choose and professor you get, but that’s the same of any traditional school. CC can be a good jumping board for some people. No matter where you go, you will find easy professors but in my experience CC is a not a bad choice. † This is my second semester in a community college; so far everything has been going good. The professors I have had are not very difficult but do not give easy grades. Last semester I had a Spanish class that was for advanced speakers but there were some things that did not click in my mind. My professor would stay with me after class to try and help me to better understand the material. This semester my math class has tutors that they offer for free. I take advantage of these resources because they are free and the professors are willing to help me out without any problem. The stories I hear from my friends in community college are that they have teachers that care for the student’s education; they do not give easy grades just because we are in community college. Many professors want to further our knowledge and prepare us for our transfer to a university. No matter where you go, you will get a great education. The United States is known worldwide for its prestigious schools. A big part has to come from the students, if the student is willing to put in the time, dedication and effort their possibilities are endless. So far, community college has been a great experience for me. I have great professors who are always able to help out. The media tries to pick on community colleges but in reality, it is a great choice in this economy. Many students that leave a four year university have a huge debt to pay because of loans. Many students choose community college because it is a fraction of the cost of a university. I do not think it is fair when parents judge community colleges as bad; you can get a good education for a very affordable price. You can go to a community college such as Fullerton College, which has great professors, to get your general education classes out of the way for a low price then transfer to a four year university to mainly focus on your degree classes.

comparing print and electronic essays

comparing print and electronic essays There are two types of media, the print and the electronic. The print media informs society through newspapers, magazines, and books. Electronic media publicly broadcasts news through radio, television, and recently computers. Both medias informs us on day-to-day events whether the news is local or worldwide but they have their differences. Through media our opinions are influenced and we become socialized. Even though print media seems to be factual and thorough enough, some still feel more partial to the nightly news on television. Hearing the stories is personally easier for society to understand and at the same time remains a reliable source. Because of its visuals, the television is especially powerful in transmitting realism (Graber, 189). Electronic media gives facial expressions and other images that the print media declines in. For example, actually watching the candidates interact with other people on television makes us feel as though we are able to get to know them better and understand their meaning of their decision that they are trying to get across to the American people. The electronic media gives an emotional impact on viewers by showing updated news in action. Journalists receive information during crisis minute by minute allowing them to quickly revise and deliver news to the public. However, the print media would have to wait until the next copy was printed for everyone to get the most recent news. By doing this, the newspapers leave a gap of information that electronic media has the capability to fill. Television shows people what has happened and what they are about to see. Since the journalists seem to put more thought into what they put on paper than what they would say on television, print media tends to more factual and analysis oriented. The print media goes in depth with their coverage where electronic media is straight- forward and only highlights the main topics. The n...

Never Put Off Till Tomorrow What You Can Do Today Essays

Never Put Off Till Tomorrow What You Can Do Today Essays Never Put Off Till Tomorrow What You Can Do Today Essay Never Put Off Till Tomorrow What You Can Do Today Essay More than 30 years ago the hypothesis of an interventional approach in patients with unstable angina or non–ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) was considered only after a cooling-off period. This negative attitude was in part justified by the lack of effective antithrombotic adjunctive therapies and devices in the management of lesion containing thrombus and the subsequent early hazard of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). The delay- many days or weeks after hospital admission- to interventional treatment could result in an apparent stabilization of the acute coronary syndrome (ACS) with a high incidence of early recurrent ischemia or nonfatal myocardial infarction (MI) in the more favorable cases or in a definitive cooling of the patients. During this long period many trials comparing an early invasive strategy with a conservative strategy in patients with unstable angina or NSTEMI have produced conflicting results that have delayed the current general consensus regarding the benefit of an early invasive strategy, which is more evident in high-risk patients and mainly driven by the decrease in MI and the need for percutaneous or surgical coronary revascularization. This troubled history might be explained at least in part by the design of most studies that randomized patients before cardiac catheterization and the use of a wide temporal windows- from 24 to 48 h to 5 days- for the definition of early intervention. Randomization before cardiac catheterization resulted in the enrolment of a high percentage (30%) of patients who did not receive coronary revascularization, because of mild or absent atherosclerotic coronary artery disease in most of them, making the comparison of an early invasive strategy versus a conservative or a delayed invasive strategy in selected patients distorted by the high number of patients at low risk of events whatever the strategy adopted. The use of temporal windows as long as 24 to 48 h to several days for the definition of an early treatment hides the potential benefit of a true early treatment (within 24 h of patient presentation) and contributes to maintaining considerable uncertainty about the optimal timing of cardiac catheterization and revascularization for patients with unstable angina or NSTEMI. The study by Sorajja et al. 1) in this issue of the Journal overcame these 2 critical points and provides important data on the impact of delay to PCI on clinical outcome in the large cohort of patients with ACS enrolled in the ACUITY (Acute Catheterization and Urgent Intervention Triage strategY) trial who underwent PCI (2). Patients who underwent PCI (7,749 patients) were stratified by time from hospital presentation to PCI into 3 groups: 24 h. A delay to PCI 24 h after clinical presentation was associated with 50% increase in 30-day and 1-year mortality as compared with patients who were treated earlier. Moreover, true early PCI was associated with a decreased rate of nonfatal MI. The incremental risk of death attributable to PCI delay 24 h was greatest in high-risk patients. The study results are consistent with those of the ISAR-COOL (Intracoronary Stenting With Antithrombotic Regimen Cooling-Off) trial (3). This elegant study is the only randomized trial comparing early intervention (delay to PCI 24 h after clinical presentation than among patients who had earlier PCI: no deaths at 1 year in the Thrombolysis In Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) risk score 1 to 2 subgroup with a time-to-PCI 2% in the subgroup with a time-to-PCI 24 h. This point is really important, because it outlines a major limitation of risk-scoring before cardiac catheterization in the individual patient and at the same time weakens a strategy of deferring for expedited cardiac catheterization only patients with a high risk score. A low TIMI risk score might correspond to a very-high-risk angiographic profile. This event is frequent and confirmed also by early coronary angiography in the PCI-ACUITY patient cohort (1). Nearly one-half of patients who underwent coronary angiography within 24 h of presentation had a baseline target vessel TIMI flow grade 2. A strategy of plaque passivation before PCI could be effective in decreasing PCI complications in the portion of patients who spontaneously or with an intensive antithrombotic treatment may experience improved coronary flow. Also in this subset of patients with an initial favorable course, the incidence of recurrent refractory ischemia is high- as is MI even after successful emergency PCI- whereas a remarkable portion of patients will not respond to antithrombotic therapy: in the ACUITY PCI study, 38% of patients who underwent coronary angiography with a delay 24 h still had a baseline target vessel TIMI flow grade 36 h after randomization). The difference between groups in the primary study end point (6-month death, MI, stroke) rate was not significant (9. % of patients in the early-intervention group, and 11. 3% in the delayed intervention group) (hazard ratio [HR]: 0. 85; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0. 68 to 1. 06, p = 0. 15). As in previous trials with similar results, the lack of significant difference in outcome between the 2 strategies might be explained by the fact that the study could be underpowered for the primary end point (the study was stopped prematurely because of recruitment challenges ), involved mainly low-intermediate-risk patients with a subsequent low rate of PCI (

Adverbial Definition and Examples

Adverbial Definition and Examples In English grammar, an adverbial is an individual word (that is, an adverb), a phrase (an adverbial phrase), or a clause (an adverbial clause) that can modify a verb, an adjective, or a complete sentence. Like almost any adverb, an adverbial can appear in many different positions in a sentence. Examples and Observations My sister usually visits on Sundays.When she isnt working, my sister visits on Sundays.My sister visits on Sundays when she isnt working. The Difference Between Adverbs and Adverbials Adverbs and adverbials are similar but not the same. Though they share the same modifying function, their characters are different. An adverbial is a sentence element or functional category. It is a part of a sentence that performs a certain function. An adverb, on the other hand, is a type of word or part of speech. We can say that an adverb may serve as an adverbial, but an adverbial is not necessarily an adverb. (M. Strumpf and A. Douglas, The Grammar Bible. Owl, 2004)I want to [draw] a distinction between two terms: adverb and adverbial. The former term is a label for a syntactic category, covering familiar single-word items such as quickly, happily, and spontaneously. The latter term refers to a function. Linguistic elements that have this function include adverbs plus other linguistic elements such as phrases (on the table, at the bookstore, next week, last year, etc.) and clauses (e.g., after he saw the movie). (Martin J. Endley, Linguistic Perspectives on English Grammar. Inf ormation Age, 2010) Types of Adverbials [The class of adverbial] includes manner and degree adverbs (e.g. happily, clumsily, quickly, very), temporal adverbials (e.g. now, when, today), spatial adverbials (here, north, up, across), attitudinal adverbials (certainly, hopefully), modal adverbials (not, no, probably, etc.), expectation adverbials (only, even, again), and textual adverbials (firstly, finally). (W. McGregor, Semiotic Grammar. Oxford University Press, 1997)In most cases when we talk about adverbial classes as classes exhibiting syntactic characteristics, the classes get a label that suggests a semantic basis of the classification. Picking randomly from different classifications and ordering them roughly from syntactically higher to lower adverbials, there are speaker-oriented speech act adverbials (frankly) and speaker-oriented evaluative ones (fortunately), evidential adverbials (evidently), epistemic adverbials (probably), domain adverbials (linguistically), subject-oriented or agent-oriented adverbials (delib erately), temporal adverbials (now), locative adverbials (here), quantificational adverbials (frequently), manner adverbials (slowly), degree adverbs (very), etc. (Jennifer R. Austin, Stefan Engelberg, and Gisa Rauh, Current Issues in the Syntax and Semantics of Adverbials. Adverbials: The Interplay Between Meaning, Context, and Syntactic Structure, ed. by J.R. Austin et al. John Benjamins, 2004) Placement of Adverbials In reality, adverbials are very free in their placement, appearing in different positions in the sentence, not just sentence final: sentence initial- [Yesterday], I ran a marathon.sentence final- I ran a marathon [yesterday].preverbal- I [always] run well in the heat.postverbal- I handed the baton [quickly] to the next runner.within the verb group- I have [never] won a race. The various types of adverbials behave differently, however; while all can occur sentence finally, time adverbials are acceptable sentence initially and sometimes preverbally, place adverbials are clumsy sentence initially, and manner adverbials frequently occur preverbally but are less good sentence initially. One position which is impossible for adverbials is between the verb and the direct object. (Laurel J. Brinton,  The Structure of Modern English. John Benjamins, 2000)

English Literature Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 2

English Literature - Essay Example Sensing the immediate death, Turnus begged Aeneas either to spare him or give his body to his people. Aenneas considered for a moment to spare him, but decided to kill Turnus in order to avenge Pallas's death. The importance of Turnus in Aeneid is that he is at the same level of strength, power, influence, and ambitions like that of the hero of this epic. Through him, Virgil embodied the character of a perfect villain who is capable of upsetting the hero and give him a tough time. The character of Hrothgr is represented in the epic poem of "Beowulf". This epic is related to the Anglo-Saxon times and the main characters in this epic are Hrothgar and Beowulf. This epic narrates the heroic deeds of Beowulf when he sets forth to kill Grendel and his mother. As an aging king, Hrothgar is worried about the devastations brought by Grendel and his mother and practically beseeches Beowulf to kill the monster. Though he has lost his youth courage and might, the salient characteristics he possesses are his wisdom, high standard of Christian codes and his keen desire to save his subjects. Though, in the beginning, we feel that the king is the prey of vanity when we find him building the huge hall, Herot. However, in the later stage, we realise that the king is after all a human being and his sincerity to serve his subjects and his wisdom and justice are more important to consider than the only flaw of vanity in his character. This is the main reason that t the people of Danish land love and respect him above everything. Another positive factor in his personality is that he does not hesitate to acknowledge the strength and bravery of Beowulf without any feeling of jealousy. Thus, when Beowulf succeeds in killing Grendel, he rewards Beowulf with every worldly reward conceivable. Thus, the character of Hrothgar in the epic poem "Beowulf" is a symbol of wisdom, sanity, and sincerity. He regards the welfare of his subjects very highly and when he finds them in danger, he calls for Beowulf to kill the monster. c. Briseis The character significance of Briseis lies in the fact that she proves to be the sole reason for Achilles to desert the Greek cause when they needed his support in the war against Trojans. It is the love of Briseis that forces Achilles not to take part in the war. Thus, the absence of Achilles from the battlefield brings ruinous effects for the Greeks and ultimately they are at the verge of total defeat. Thus, we see in the epic "Iliad" that even a minor character like Briseis can significantly impact the whole setting of the stage and thousands of people would be killed. The significance of Briseis in this poem thus can be viewed from the refusal of Achilles to take part in the war against Trojans and the consequent devastation of Greeks. The love of Achilles for Briseis is one of the most significant event that changed the course of war between Trojans and Greeks. d. Dido The character of Dido is brought to the reader in Book IV of "Iliad" by Virgil. Dido is the ruler of Carthage and a widow of Sychaeus. She has a resolution not to marry again, but when Aeneas arrives

Ethics in the work place Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Ethics in the work place - Research Paper Example Kerns (2003) emphasizes on certain core values that give way to ethical behavior. Accordingly, integrity and courage; love and kindness; justice and fair guidance; wisdom and knowledge, and self control have universal appeal to influencing ethical behavior. The mentioned virtues are interlinked with each other. For example, self control is the ability to keep personal motivation in low ebb to act objectively based on the principle of justice and fairness. An ethical behavior at work place is not demonstrated just by personal integrity but it often requires courage – to do the right thing without bothering about personal consequences. Love and kindness always generate a positive feeling that not only recognize others but prevent them to do any unethical behavior. Just and fair attitude is a powerful driver for an ethical behavior. Wisdom comes through experience and when it combines with knowledge, an ethical behavior is likely to crop up by all means. These core values are necessary to promote ethical behavior at work places. Greer and Plunkett (2007) provide a basic guideline for ethical decision-making. According to them, a legally supported decision is not always an ethical decision. Firing a person due to personal grudge and for absolutely no fault of the person cannot be challenged legally; however, on ethical ground, the action is not palatable. At times, it may appear that adhering to ethical principles may lead to some negative personal consequences, even then that is the best way when seen from a long-term perspective. Russell (2014) argues that workplace ethics offer significant benefits to the organization. It helps in protecting assets of the firm. The companies such as WorldCom, Enron in the recent years are glaring examples of total annihilation due to unethical behavior by managers, top executives, accountants and auditors in large scale. Their entire assets wiped out within a few months and they had to go for bankruptcy under chapter 11

Menu Driven Interface Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Menu Driven Interface - Essay Example Menu in Graphical User Interface plays an imperative for human interaction with the computers. Menu driven interfaces facilitate the users by providing a catalogue of options for selection to navigate from one page to another. Several strategies and approaches have been developed to create or select menu for the user interface of the computer application. And one of the strategies for the development of menu-driven interface is recognized as user dialog. In user dialog strategy, the control of the computer application is transferred back and forth between the computer application and the user. The user passes a command to the computer application by selecting a menu item and the computer application respond by executing the command. Usually, the related menu items of the computer application’s user interface are categorized into the groups that can be displayed in the dialogue boxes. This approach facilitates the users to search and navigate to the pages of the computer applic ation (Senn, 2009). Importance / Popularity of Menu Driven Interface There are various reasons for the popularity of the menu driven interfaces and most of the imperative reasons is the high level of usability. The users do not require remembering the commands for using the software application efficiently; therefore, the users can effectively utilize the computer application easily. Furthermore, the menu driven graphical user interface is suitable for even the novice computer for not generating the errors, as they do not require typing the commands. The effort required for utilizing the GUI application is much reduced as compared to the command line interface, hence, it can be stated that the productivity of the users is increased. Above all, a user guide is available to facilitate and help the users to successfully employ the application and achieve the required objectives of the computer application deployment. The menu driven interfaces are becoming more popular even in modern computing age because of their appealing features. The menu driven inte rface is not only beneficial for the users or clients, however, the software development companies also find it advantageous as they do not require developing the menu again and again. The software components are developed once and reused to development cost and time. Moreover, comparatively less training is required to use the computer system; therefore, the software companies can save the cost of extensive trainings. Hence, keeping in view the facts, it has been identified that the graphical user interface having menus has made the human computer interaction simpler and easier (Norman, 1991). Strategies of Menu Driven Interface So far diverse categorizations of the menu driven interfaces have been developed, however, mainly the menu driven interface can be categorized into three (3) major strategies include: the full screen menus, the bar and pull down menus and pop-up menus. These different strategies can be used to make menu driven interfaces visually more appealing as well as u ser friendly. The full screen menus usually represented on the entire screen of the computer application and the user selects the options given on the screen. The Pop-up menus (may also be called as user dialogue) are presented in the boxes with a list of

Leading Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 2

Leading - Essay Example In portraying managers as leaders, several factors define leadership in managers. These factors are discussed below. Control- good leadership in management is demonstrated by the ability of managers to control. At times difficult situations may arise in the company that requires a strong personality to come over it. This therefore requires a manager to posses the quality and zeal of control in order to be able to come over such matters. Control in management incorporates an upright ability to exude confidence in the decisions you make that affect the people around you and the institution under your management. This also entails instilling the same confidence in others so that they can exhibit the same virtues. Courage- every decision making process presents a different scenario to the manager of any company. The period that succeeds decision making is always full of uncertainty. This is because when a decision is made, there is an expected result. This is because the success of the decision can either pass or fail. To be a leader, you must have the courage to make decisions without fear of failing. This defines the leadership in a manger. Top manager- the top managers have the responsibility of showing exemplary leadership and also attempt to lead through positive influence. In bestowed upon them to lead with a lot of knowledge and understanding of what management entails to the managers. Their leadership strategy includes the following; Building employee engagement- employees are the working unit of a company. This makes them the most important part of the company. Their involvement in the company issues is very fundamental. This is because everyday management of the company directly affects them. In order to build a lasting company that is assured good business future, employee engagement into the issues touching the operability of the company is always deemed a very good aspect of top management. This

Assessment Tools Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Assessment Tools - Essay Example From this discussion it is clear that the Mobile Interaction Chart (MIF) is a flow chart used for the identification of older people who are prone to falling. It includes the observation of mobility level and ‘Stops Walking when Talking,’ the ‘DiffTUG, a test of vision and a rating of concentration. Having these complete details of observation makes valid information for the assessment. It is designed in order to evaluate older people living in residential areas and could be applied to older males and females, 65 years old and above. This assessment has been applied by the Department of Community Medicine as well as rehabilitation Physiotherapy and Geriatric Medicine (Sweden) and tested to be quick, easy and requires no expensive facilities.This paper outlines that Peter James Centre Fall Risk Assessment Tool also known as PJC-FRAT, is a new instrument which is designed in order to obtain a baseline fall risk assessment. This PJC-FRAT is used in a sub-acute rehabil itation setting and have been tried to male and female patients, 38-99 years old (average 80 years). It is a long term process that could be used by a team. Â  It can identify intervention that will prevent the patients from falling. According to Strudwick in terms of convenience and simplicity, this multidisciplinary tool is close to ideal since it can be easily incorporated to the nurses’ workflow and can be fitted into the routine duties without difficulty.... It is designed in order to evaluate older people living in residential areas and could be applied to older males and females, 65 years old and above. This assessment has been applied by the Department of Community Medicine as well as rehabilitation Physiotherapy and Geriatric Medicine (Sweden) and tested to be quick, easy and requires no expensive facilities. This tool could help nurses to deliver good and quality health care even in the residential areas where they deal with numerous older people in the absence expensive facilities and available resources. PJC-FRAT TOOLS Peter James Centre Fall Risk Assessment Tool also known as PJC-FRAT, is a new instrument which is designed in order to obtain a baseline fall risk assessment. This PJC-FRAT is used in a sub-acute rehabilitation setting and have been tried to male and female patients, 38-99 years old (average 80 years). It is a long term process that could be used by a team. It can identify intervention that will prevent the patients from falling. According to Strudwick (2006) in terms of convenience and simplicity, this multidisciplinary tool is close to ideal since it can be easily incorporated to the nurses' workflow and can be fitted into the routine duties without difficulty. Watson's Theory of Human Caring Patient-nurse interactions are involved in this theory. A phenomenon which is intrinsic to the core of nursing in 10-1tem "carative factors" framework was initially conceptualized by Watson. The framework was changed over time, from carative to "caritas," as the theory's merging elements which means love and caring, were transformed into deep interpersonal caring. Its framework tenets include humanistic-altruistic values; presence of faith-hope;

Music & the Liturgy Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Music & the Liturgy Paper - Essay Example The Psalms feature strongly, prefiguring the life of Christ, and particular festivals bring into focus scenes such as the Nativity and the Passion of Christ which were then the subject matter of hymns and sequences. The major festivals of Christmas and Easter create the setting for the composing of new sacred music, and many of the great composers produced multiple settings of the same texts, giving the world a rich collection of variations which, when compared, give an insight into the subtle changes in Christian musical and religious sensibility through the ages. This paper considers in particular three settings of one of the world’s favourite Latin hymns known as Stabat Mater Dolorosa. The origins of the text itself are obscure, but scholars date it to the thirteenth century. The essence of its meaning is a reflection on the sorrowing figure of Mother of Christ, standing beneath the cross and weeping for the death of her son. The subject matter is emotive, and yet in its li nkage of suffering with the path to salvation, it has a positive message for believers, encouraging them to bear their troubles bravely and look to a blessed future with Christ in Paradise. This text has been reworked many times, using elements of secular music through the ages to enhance its relevance in successive generations. The reasons for the diverging approaches to Church music in different parts of Europe are linked to the cataclysmic events surrounding the Reformation. At the heart of this debate lay fundamental differences in the way that the Biblical text was perceived. In the protestant parts of Europe there was a growing desire to centre the literal text of scripture as the source of fundamental truth, and to place human additions such as preaching, music and the use of other devotional aids including the liturgy as secondary aids to the interpretation of this main truth. Polyphony in this context was an opportunity to explore hidden meanings in a text, having different voices express different aspects of its message for example. Emphasis and amplification could be achieved in this way. In the Roman Catholic tradition, on the other hand, the holy scripture was combined with apostolic traditions as the source of truth, leading to a higher status for the liturgy and a tendency for musical contributions to become bearers of the doctrine as much as the readings from the Bible itself. It is this emphasis on the importance of the liturgy that caused the Roman Catholic Church to clamp down on secular influences creeping into worship. The lively motet tradition, with its celebration of secular and even bawdy themes was seen as a negative influence, and this is why a return to the purity of Gregorian chant was advocated by the Church authorities. The role of the Stabat Mater was a cause of much debate in the fifteenth to seventeenth centuries because it was at the same time much loved by the population but also clearly non-Biblical in content. It became pa rt of the feast of Our Lady of Sorrows at in 1413 at the Council of Cologne and this hymn became part of the liturgy in Northern Europe from that time onwards. In the south, however, the piece was sporadically performed, but did not become such a firm part of the liturgical programme. It has been noted also that some such pieces were performed on the edge of the formal

Assessment Tools Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Assessment Tools - Essay Example From this discussion it is clear that the Mobile Interaction Chart (MIF) is a flow chart used for the identification of older people who are prone to falling. It includes the observation of mobility level and ‘Stops Walking when Talking,’ the ‘DiffTUG, a test of vision and a rating of concentration. Having these complete details of observation makes valid information for the assessment. It is designed in order to evaluate older people living in residential areas and could be applied to older males and females, 65 years old and above. This assessment has been applied by the Department of Community Medicine as well as rehabilitation Physiotherapy and Geriatric Medicine (Sweden) and tested to be quick, easy and requires no expensive facilities.This paper outlines that Peter James Centre Fall Risk Assessment Tool also known as PJC-FRAT, is a new instrument which is designed in order to obtain a baseline fall risk assessment. This PJC-FRAT is used in a sub-acute rehabil itation setting and have been tried to male and female patients, 38-99 years old (average 80 years). It is a long term process that could be used by a team. Â  It can identify intervention that will prevent the patients from falling. According to Strudwick in terms of convenience and simplicity, this multidisciplinary tool is close to ideal since it can be easily incorporated to the nurses’ workflow and can be fitted into the routine duties without difficulty.... It is designed in order to evaluate older people living in residential areas and could be applied to older males and females, 65 years old and above. This assessment has been applied by the Department of Community Medicine as well as rehabilitation Physiotherapy and Geriatric Medicine (Sweden) and tested to be quick, easy and requires no expensive facilities. This tool could help nurses to deliver good and quality health care even in the residential areas where they deal with numerous older people in the absence expensive facilities and available resources. PJC-FRAT TOOLS Peter James Centre Fall Risk Assessment Tool also known as PJC-FRAT, is a new instrument which is designed in order to obtain a baseline fall risk assessment. This PJC-FRAT is used in a sub-acute rehabilitation setting and have been tried to male and female patients, 38-99 years old (average 80 years). It is a long term process that could be used by a team. It can identify intervention that will prevent the patients from falling. According to Strudwick (2006) in terms of convenience and simplicity, this multidisciplinary tool is close to ideal since it can be easily incorporated to the nurses' workflow and can be fitted into the routine duties without difficulty. Watson's Theory of Human Caring Patient-nurse interactions are involved in this theory. A phenomenon which is intrinsic to the core of nursing in 10-1tem "carative factors" framework was initially conceptualized by Watson. The framework was changed over time, from carative to "caritas," as the theory's merging elements which means love and caring, were transformed into deep interpersonal caring. Its framework tenets include humanistic-altruistic values; presence of faith-hope;

Midterm paper 2 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Midterm paper 2 - Essay Example Unique religious, universal views are accepted as certain customs not necessarily by different views of the facts and genuineness, but by their external characters and elements, such as ritual undertakings and modes of dissertation. Under these separate views and rites, there lie the same truth and the common quest of truth. Brook (14), ecumenical view is not obviously syncretism, in as much as it can be practiced without merging individual customs. This can result to logical attempts to synthesize teachings and bring the differences together; however, the obvious conviction of the common element of truth will be an adequate skeleton for ecumenicists to reason out those differences without having to advance to syncretism. In a general understanding, of this issue; therefore, each and every custom and religion being merged should be given the rights to do what they believe is their own truth without any feel of the other religion that they are being suppressed or intimidated. Second, according to Brook (14), it should be noted that syncretism is not inclusivism meaning that ideas and forms of one religion’s traditions are best put forward if they are explained in terms of another one. By so doing, the contents and rules of one religion are reduced into the content of another one. Bringing one religion within the ideational system being practiced by another religion will see the previous religion being regarded accordingly as a low-grade, imperfect, or "failed" representation of truth and custom. Viewing this idea from the side of the dominant religion, this will probably seem like a syncretism combination, yet in particular, nothing has been added or incorporated that might significantly disorient the religion and customs into which the new elements and ideas have been included or excluded. This can; therefore, be an appropriate method of merging two distinct religions without necessarily interfering with the belief of any religion. It is a

The Reasons We Drink Beer Essay Example for Free

The Reasons We Drink Beer Essay There are most likely hundreds of reasons, good and bad, why people drink beer. Everyone who drinks beer has their own personal reasons. Beer is a worldwide commonly known and used beverage that has become a part of our society. It’s been brewed and consumed for over several thousand years. Why is this drink so popular? Today we’ll explore a handful of reasons why people drink beer. Taste – Beer is an acquired taste. I doubt there are many people who admit that the very first beer they ever tried in life tasted very good. But those who kept trying beer grew accustomed to how it smelled, felt in the mouth and tingled the tongue. Once your taste buds lose their training wheels a whole new world of flavors are opened up to you. Buzz – Let’s face it, alcohol is a big reason why many people drink beer. It provides mind altering capabilities that offer some people enjoyment, others a distraction, and still for others nothing more than problems. Getting a beer buzz is an attraction for many as well as a regrettable side affect. Everyone has different limits, so get to know just how much beer is enough to get your buzz on. Social – Sharing a beer with friends or acquaintances is one way of sparking conversation and just being, well, sociable. It becomes a common bond between partakers. Not only does it loosen the tongue a bit, but also causes some to open up a bit. Identity – It’s funny how some people find a beer they like and stick to it. For some, it becomes part of their identity. Brand loyalty is hard to break for some. The beers you started drinking when you were a young adult often become the beverage of choice later in life. Many beer drinkers will try other beers for a new experience and find a new brand to identify themselves with. The type of beer you drink may say something about you that you didn’t realize. Variety – Beer comes in over 100 different styles and in thousands of different brands. No one beer brand is identical to the next. You could spend your entire life trying to sample all of the beers that are available in the world and still not be able to try them all. Very few beverages can claim this kind of variety. Health – This could be an entire subject in of itself. There must be dozens of reasons why beer is healthy for you. Taken in moderation, beer: †¢ is good for your liver. It expands the blood vessels and helps speed up metabolism. †¢ can help lower your risk of heart attacks and stroke. †¢ prevents cholesterol from oxidizing. Some hop compounds prevent LDL from oxidizing and clogging arteries. †¢ boosts vitamin B5, B12, folate and other valuable mineral levels. Unfiltered beers have more of this benefit. †¢ may help in combating cancer. The compounds in some hops are showing promise for preventing certain types of cancer. (Bingham report 1998) †¢ helps ensure healthy bones. Bone improving nutrients are leached from the brewing process in a form that is readily accessible to the body. †¢ helps you relax and sleep more easily. Two vitamins, lactoflavin and nicotinic acid are present in many beers and helps to promote sleep. Beer is also a natural sedative. †¢ Contains antioxidants that can help slow the aging process. †¢ Contains fiber. A liter of beer can have up to 60% of your daily recommended fiber. †¢ Helps fend off gallstones and kidney stones. Peer Pressure – One of the sad reasons why many drink beer. The pressure to conform and fit in with others is a constant issue. Many people, especially teens, drink beer just because their friends are doing it. For others, drinking beer is a right of passage in life. Heritage – Breweries have been part of communities for generations and generations. Many communities in ancient and modern society rally around their local brewpubs and breweries throughout the world. Beer was one of the many bounties of a year long harvest. Locally made beers garner more loyalty. Colorado – we live in one of state’s that produces the most amount of beer in the nation. With nearly 100 different breweries and brewpubs, the availability of hundreds of quality craft beers simply can’t be ignored. Colorado is a travel destination for many of the world’s beer drinkers. Even one of the biggest beer festivals in the world, the Great American Beer Festival, is held here each year in October. Food – Beer makes the perfect compliment for lots of different kinds of food. Pairing food and beer is becoming quite popular, just as it has been for wine. There are beers that go well with just about every type of food, from meats, appetizers (cheeses, breads, snacks) and desserts.

Chinas One Party System Analysis

Chinas One Party System Analysis Zhiting Liu One-party system and multi-party system, how about China? As people know, most of the countries in the world they implement the multi-party system, like in U.S.A, UK and Germany. However, some of the countries use the one-party system to manage the government, like in China, North Korea and Cuba. So, what’s the different with one-party system and multi-party system and which one is the best one in the world? There are many question of the people, and people always argument with it. In my opinion, the United States is a dictatorship, but was a â€Å"clever dictatorship†, China have its own feature model of one-party system and people need for an effective monitoring system. So, what is the one-party system? And what is the multi-party system? One-party system is a type of state in which a single political party has the right to form the government, usually based on the existing constitution. All other parties are either outlawed or allowed to take only a limited and controlled participation in elections (Wiki, 2014). And a multi-party system is a system in which multiple political parties have the capacity to gain control of government offices, separately or in coalition (Wiki, 2012). When people talk the party system, they always talk the one-party system is dictatorship and multi-party system is democratic. In fact, multi-party system can have authoritarian and one-party system also can have democracy. And if talks about the dictatorship and democratic, we need to explain it first. The most primitive dictatorship is in the ancient China of Qin dynasty, the emperors said Shi Wu Ju Xi Jie Jue Yu Shang(Sima Qian, shih chi), these Chinese characters mean all the events need decided by the emperor. However as history goes, the connotation of dictatorship was shifted, in nowadays it is: A few people with their own will to governing the behavior of most people. Indeed, the countries such as the United States also have this. This will be talked about later. And the democracy, it is divided into great democracy and small democracy, great democracy is a kind of denial of governmental authority, the people were completely manage the country. In fact, the Chinese Cultural Revolution is an extreme great democracy. And the cost of great democracy is Chaos. Small democracy is a behavior which part of the people in a small range to management themselves. Small democracy is scientific and feasible, because the wisdom of ordinary people is limited, for their side of things, the management is reasonable and capable, but for high-level national policy it could not, even if they are given a great democracy with limited management power, they can easily be swayed by some political forces, thus becoming a puppet dictatorship under the guise of democracy. At first, how multi-party dictatorship. For example, in the United States, the United States is a two-party country. The two parties in the political philosophy of the left (Democrat) and the right (Republicans), but the two parties are deeply influenced by American consortium. The United States is the kingdom of money first, money can control the politic and it is legitimate. When in every general election, the major consortia will selected a good team, and be the financial assistant of their contestants†, they establishment of various campaign funds, go canvassing the people and make momentum to get votes. Theres only one US president is not receiving any money support and got success in the history of the United States presidential election, that is Lincoln. When the contestants successful campaign to become US president candidate, he is bound to reciprocate the consortium which support him. Certainly, his returns are not increased tax and other fees then repay to them, but the bias of the policy. For example, in some way George W. Bush launched the Iraq war was a feedback to the US arms group. This is the issue of administrative aspects. In the legislation part, although the Member of Parliament in the United States was elected by the popular vote, but they dont have an effective monitoring mechanism. Thats mean when a person becomes member, before end of the term, he is unfettered, so he get bribe from a big consortia is a very easy thing to do. If a bill is being reviewed but is conflict of interest, then there is no guarantee of stakeholders who would think some distorted ideas. This is a test of Members, but in this time, Members are not subject to the supervision and restriction by other agencies, so he could reasonably have been legally inclined to support or deny a bill, then get the benefits from one of the stakeholders. As long as a good price then there is no need to tangle up for re-election. For this hidden dictatorship, how many people can perceive it? In fact, as long as the control of the executive power (President) and legislative (Congress) it will be able to completely control the politics of a country, and in a country where money is worshipped, in fact, the money is in charge of everything. However, the spokesperson of money is consortiums and capitalists. In essence, the United States is a dictatorship, but a clever dictatorship. The American two-party system, in essence, is representing supported their capitalist camp, but nothing on the concept of fine-tuning, the Republican Party is absolutely conservative, and it always tend to be protect by big capitalists. The Democratic Party is relatively aggressive, they tend to give benefit to the general public. But what is for their shareholders to speak? Such as the fail policy like Obamas health Insuranceâ€Å", who can give financial support to this. Though my primary example is America, I want to briefly mention that these principles can also be observed in European political parties. The European political parties actually almost as same as America, if the West countries is absolutely democratic politics, then why do they not allow the ruling is a Communist Party candidate? Almost every Western country has the presence of the Communist Party, but all of them receive severe pressure. From this point of, the Western democracy is nothing but a hypocritical rule tool. Then lets see the strengths and weaknesses of one-party system. The first advantage of one-party system is its strong ability to mobilize. It means concentrating power, then we cannot ignore the economic miracles of the Soviet Union and the economic miracles which was being staged in China, both of them are faster than the capitalist countries when they development in the capital accumulation stage. The development results in Western countries are cost two or three decades. But in the Soviet Union and China, both of them were only need to take two or three five-year plan. (Wiki, 2014) One-party state, especially the Communist Party of the State, its national mobilization capability is very powerful, it will be better able to respond to some of the major events, such as war, from the Soviet Union to North Korea, the countries which are really powerful. The disadvantage of the one-party is the abuse of its strong mobilize ability. Since the individual level issues, the direction of the Communist Party of mobilization is not necessarily correct, such as the year of the Soviet Union, the government mobilize the national forces to engage in an arms race, and finally it was lead to economic stagnation and coup. And now, in the North Korea, the government regardless of peoples life, the country is to engage in military-first policy. And now Chinese official is too much lay emphasis on speed of economic development and neglects other aspects of construction and so on, this is an abuse of mobilization capacity, which is the foreign people who always talks the dictatorship of one-party system. Before I discuss the advantages of Chinas current one-party system and the advantage of multi-party system. At first we need to have a clear concept of the one party system and Chinas current one-party system, they are not a same thing. Although it is undeniable that Chinas current one-party system has many problems, but cannot be generalized. One-party system could have a variety of modes, for example, one-party system in A-mode, B-mode single-party system, C mode one party system, etc. If now China is use an A-model party system, and its not very suitable, it’s not mean that the party system B mode is not good either. As another example, a foreigner practicing the Chinese Kungfu, and he do the terrible job, but you cannot deduce the Chinese Kungfu is very bad in itself, this is the truth. Therefore, if the Chinas current one-party system are different with the normally one-party system or have some problems, that you can understand this is a new model of one-party management which are more suitable with Chinas policy and social. And China still need time to modified the issue and make it completely. In the March 3rd, 2010, there was a news posted in the Singapore’s newspaper, the tittle is: â€Å"Comparative Politics: Why Chinas one-party system is superior to the Western multiparty system.† (Newspaper, 2010) In this whole article, the author gives six advantages of China’s current one-party system. One of the advantages of Chinas one-party system is that the country can develop a national long-term development plan and maintain the stability of the policy, it didnt effect by different political party which have the different positon. The first part is the advantage of one-party system, its the powerful ability of mobilize, needless to say anymore. The second advantage of Chinas one-party system is the high efficiency. For the challenges and opportunities China can make timely and effective response, especially in response to sudden disaster events. The word High efficiency is used inappropriately. In fact, its still talks about the national mobilization, with the ability of Western countries, they are difficult to achieve effectively mobilize from the whole society, it is the disadvantaged of their ability to mobilize. But with the high efficiency is not an appropriate word to sum up the truth, because the Western countries they are advanced in science or technology and in the field of efficiency significantly they are higher than China. In the other side Science and Technology is the driving force of its wealth creation. The third advantage of Chinas one-party, is in this particular period of social transition, the government can effectively curb the spread of corruption. For the part three, it is obviously nonsense, because under the current one-party system which corruption is impossible to get effective control. In the Chinese one-party system it was absence of have an effective monitoring mechanism. Is the government suppress the corruption, we cannot see it, because we can only get the news which is the government want us to know. But if China can develop an effective monitoring mechanism in the future, then the one-party system can really more effective than a multiparty system to curb corruption. Because when that system have the power to protect the people, ordinary people can exert a greater influence on personnel appointment and dismissal, while the peoples passion of bottom level for fighting corruption is not self-evident, therefore, anti-corruption efforts can be more efficient operation in support of its system. In contrast, multi-party system, if party A corruption, they change to Party B, then Party B and back again corrupt party A, and so forth, the result is still the same. Taiwan does not is a vivid example? DPP ousted the KMT and they do the same thing (Truth in Taiwan, 2010). Therefore, the key to solve the eradication of corruption is not one-party or multi-party system, but the people become an effective monitoring mechanism. Chinas fourth one-party Advantage is the Chinese government it is a more accountable government. If it is a one-party ruling, it must take full responsibility for all the acts. And for the multi-party ruling, actually they always have a new beginning after the election, to know the stand or fall of a political party, just look the election. For normally people, they are not choose the best, just drive away the worst. They always only hold â€Å"this is not the best, but have no choice attitude to towards the new ruling party. As for the one-party system, although normally people do not have the opportunity to choose another, but they can reasonably and lawfully to oversight and reform the government. So, the multi-party system of government needs to take more responsibility, and to take full responsibility for their words and deeds, so that people do not have elections in the game again and again to choose more responsible government Chinas one-party advantage fifth is that in personnel training and selection mechanisms the government can avoid the waste of talent. This is completely nonsense, because the one-party system China has screened talent people earlier and only those talent who support their can get a good development, the other people who was nonsupport government not only give up them, but also given pressure, thats the causing many of peoples go abroad and live overseas. In that moment, the multi-party system countries develop a training system capable of supporting the all intellectuals, and theres no political part to affect them to study and get development. The Sixth advantage of Chinas one-party system is that it can truly representative referendum. For this section and the status quo it was seem to have a very big contrast. Because the people who live in one-party system countries they always get unfair threat, but in the multi-party system countries people were feel freedom. Overall, according to the opinion of Max, a mature party system is better than a multi-party system, but nowadays the one-party system is not mature so there is not happened. Whether a one-party system or a multi-party system, all need people to supervise, we need a completely monitoring mechanism. The monitoring mechanism of Multi-party is election system, but it is too irresponsible, it only show a complete new name after the election, there are no major aspects of change, and it only mend small ways to cope the voter’s trouble. And the monitoring mechanism of Chinas one-party have not been established. As long as China can develop an effective monitoring mechanism of the one-party system, like allow the normal people to participate in the personnel appointment and removal, it is more effective and more democratic than the way of voters evaluate. Reference page One-party System.Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 24 Nov. 2014. Web. 24 Nov. 2014. Multi-party System.Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 24 Nov. 2014. Web. 24 Nov. 2014. â€Å"Shi Wu Ju Xi Jie Jue Yu Shang† Sima Qian. Shih Chi, 101-104 BC. â€Å"Five year plan† Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 24 Nov. 2014. Web. 24 Nov. 2014. â€Å"Comparative Politics: Why Chinas one-party system is superior to the Western multiparty system.† Song Luzheng. Singapore united news, March 3rd, 2010. Web. 24 Nov. 2014. KMT vs DPP. Truth in Taiwan. Truth in Taiwan, 21 May 2010. Web. 24 Nov. 2014.

Trapping Today Should be Legal, but Limited Essay -- Argumentative Per

Trapping Today Should be Legal, but Limited Trapping is a very important issue, which is connected to many other larger issues. For instance, trapping lies at the heart of the First Nation's distinct society issue. Before I talk about the present, however, I would like to discuss whether trapping should have been illegal when Canada was first being settled in the 17th and 18th centuries. When the first explorers came to the new world, it was regarded as a huge slab of worthless rock standing between Europe and the riches of the Orient. The only reason these explorers even explored this continent was the hope of finding the North-West passage, a route to the Orient. Fortunately, while searching for this North-West passage, some of these explorers stumbled onto a virtual magnet for settlement: The Fur Trade. When people heard how pelts of all kinds could be obtained so easily and sold for so much, the idea of not settling in the new world was ridiculous. Suddenly settlers came to this "slab of worthless rock" and tried to set up permanent living there. Even after a few failed attempts the draw of the fur trade was responsible for the settlement we call New France. After the first steps toward a permanent colony in the new world were made, the next steps came in leaps and bounds. The French government was sending everyone they could to settle in New France. Courieurs de Bois, began coming to the colony to trap furs and sell them back in France. France granted land to poor people that were willing to risk the great voyage. The colony flourished, and grew. It was the fur trade that was mostly responsible for this colony. However, some think that by this point the colony was large en... ...ance law. What would all the lawyers do if suddenly practising law was illegal? The First Nations, I believe, should be allowed to continue trapping as long as it is under limits. However, I believe that, after all, their ancestors had such a successful relationship with the land that trapping within limits should not be a problem. Another problem that would arise if trapping is illegalized is that it is said that too many predators (wolves, etc.) would roam the forests and be dangerous to farms with livestock on them. It is said that trapping keeps the populations of these predators low, so they will not pose as much of a threat to farms. In conclusion, I feel that trapping today should be legal within strict limits that allow for the way of life of the native peoples and for the balance of nature, but do not permit gratuitous killing of animals.

Work and Play

The perfect balance between work and play – working hard and getting all the necessary assignments finished, and then being able to come home and still have time to enjoy life. If someone is letting themselves be consumed with work and it is all they can think about, they are forgetting what life is really all about. In society today, people need to become more aware that life is short lived, and we must get the most out of it. That means, when a person isn’t at work, they shouldn’t be working; they should be doing something that they enjoy.In my future, I see myself going into the military field of work, and with the military come a lot of traveling and adventure. Often, I will be living in places that I may have never even heard of. Also, I will experience things that many other people would never even dream of doing. The characteristics I for-see of my future work are as follows – focus, organization, and completed work. I understand that if I want my l ife at home to be successful, I must first have a successful work life. Using these characteristics, I will be able to make sure that my work life does not interfere with my life at home.By focusing, the quality of my work will be at it’s absolute highest; I will not become distracted by events happening at home or even in the world because I know I must focus on my work or else it will not meet the necessary standards. Also, by keeping organized I will avoid many potential stressful moments. I will always know what it is I must get done for that particular day, and I will always know where the things I need are to complete those assignments. If I fell into the trap of becoming unorganized, I would most likely become too stressed out to enjoy my home life even the least bit.As well as staying organized I will always leave my work place with all of my assignments or tasks completely finished. By making sure of this, I will never have to worry about work when I am at home. Not only that, but I will be creating a less stressful environment for my employer as well because he will know that he can always depend on me to get my job done. If I manage to complete all of my work at the workplace, I should never run into problems with my work interfering with home life. Out side of work, one must find something to occupy their time in order to maintain the balance between work and play.Things such as relaxing, extracurricular activities, hanging out with friends, and visiting with family members are all good ways of maintaining that balance. In my future I imagine that the things I choose to do when I am not working are going to be very vital for me if I want to keep my life as stress free as possible. Watching TV and resting are going to be very important ways of â€Å"winding down† for me, without being able to relax every once in a while my work would start to lack quality because I would become bored of it due to restless working.Another characteristic of my â€Å"play† life would be sports and hobbies; these two things are extremely important in my life because without them I would basically have nothing to do. By keeping myself active in sports I am able to live a healthy lifestyle, which can also positively affect my work life. Hobbies, on the other hand, can be a great way to find out something new about myself, and meet new people with similar interests. Next on my list would have to be hanging out with my friends and visiting with my family.People now-a-days must make sure that they find time for their family and friends, because if a person neglects a relationship with someone they can lose that friend or family member very quickly. Too often people become consumed with their work, and completely forget about their friends and family, because they are too busy to ever hang out with them. Although I see my life in the future being tremendous and stress free for the most part, I am slightly concerned about a few thing s.

Ethan Frome Analysis Essay

Major themes in Ethan Frome include silence, isolation, illusion, and the consequences that are the result of living according to the rules of society. Wharton relies on personal experiences to relate her thematic messages. Throughout her life as a writer, Wharton would schedule the time that she wrote around social engagements and she did not readily discuss her writing. As a result, she was familiar with silence and isolation. The rules of society did not condone a woman who was a member of the upper class working, much less as a professional writer. Societal rules also frowned upon divorce. Wharton lived in a loveless marriage for years before she took a risk and divorced Teddy Wharton, her husband for almost thirty years. Throughout the novel Wharton focuses on silence as a major theme. In the introduction, the author describes her characters as â€Å"granite outcroppings . . . half emerged from the soil, and scarcely more articulate.† Each of the three major characters is encased in his/her own silence. Ethan, a quiet man by nature, returns to Starkfield following the death of his father to run the family farm and sawmill. Because he is too busy working to make small talk with the villagers and his sick mother stops speaking, Ethan becomes imprisoned in a â€Å"mortal silence.† He experiences a brief reprieve when Zeena arrives to care for his mother; but after his mother’s death and his subsequent marriage to Zeena, Zeena falls silent also. Communication between the couple is minimal and superficial. After Mattie’s arrival, Zeena forces a smothering silence on her also with her â€Å"fault-finding (that is) of the silent kind.† Ethan is able to share his passion for the wonders of nature with Mattie; however, when conversation takes a turn towards intimacy, silence returns and all Ethan can say is, â€Å"Come along.† The characters are unable to communicate with each other to di spel their own loneliness. It isn’t until Zeena forces Mattie to leave the Frome household that Ethan and Mattie express their feelings for each other. They abandon rational thought as they attempt to commit suicide and enter a silent hell in which the only verbal communication to be heard is Zeena and Mattie’s complaining. Isolation, another major theme in the novel, is not self-imposed before the tragedy that befalls Mattie and Ethan, but is enforced upon them by outside circumstances. Ethan tried to escape the isolation of Starkfield and his father’s farm by going off to the technological college at Worcester. He began to cultivate his own social traits and to overcome his reticence; however, his father’s death forced him to give up college and return to the farm and his ill mother. After his marriage to Zeena, Ethan is imprisoned by the farm, millwork, and caring for Zeena. He is physically isolated from the world at large and is also cut off from the possibility of any human fellowship that life in a village might afford. Mattie and Zeena are isolated characters also. Mattie is isolated by the deaths of bot h parents and the ill will of most of her relatives. She moves to the Fromes’, an unfamiliar farmhouse and, except for church socials, is cut off from contact with human beings other than the Fromes. Because Zeena is consumed by her many illnesses, she rarely leaves the farmhouse, and only speaks to Ethan and Mattie when voicing her complaints or demands. Because the attempted escape from isolation by Ethan and Mattie fails tragically, Ethan, Mattie, and Zeena are left to spend their lives in an isolation even more complete than that from which they tried to flee. Illusion, a false interpretation or perception, is an important theme in the novel. Illusion affords each of the three main characters a means of escape from the reality of the silent and isolated lives they lead. Ethan would † . . . imagine that peace reigned in his house† when Zeena stopped watching Mattie so closely after her arrival. He wants to believe that Mattie’s smiles and certain gestures are just for him. Ethan dreams of being with Mattie always; in fact, â€Å"he was never so happy with her (Mattie) as when he abandoned himself to these dreams.† The night that Zeena went to Bettsbridge, Ethan imagines them (Mattie and himself) sitting â€Å"on each side of the stove, like a married couple.† When Zeena insists that Mattie leave their household, Ethan tries to convince himself that Zeena will change her mind. His illusion about running away with Mattie fizzles when he faces reality — he can not afford one ticket, much less two. Mattie dreams of spending her life with Ethan. Ironically, her illusion becomes a reality. She does spend her life with Ethan, but as an invalid cared for by Zeena, not as Ethan’s wife, as she had imagined. Zeena’s illusions are unhealthy. Her hypochondria enables her to escape into self-pity and self-indulgence. The smash-up forces her to abandon her illusions of withdrawing from all her household responsibilities through the device of a hired housekeeper. The imprisonment experienced by an individual living according to the rules of society is a major theme inEthan Frome. The message that Wharton conveys through Ethan is that when people fear they are violating the rules of society, they risk becoming enslaved by those rules. Ethan doesn’t leave his wife because he feels bound by his marriage vows. He dreams about being married to Mattie; however, even as he writes his goodbye letter to Zeena, and subsequently talks to Mrs. Hale, his conscience does not allow him to follow through with his wishes. Instead, the rules of society rule his life and he remains entrapped in a loveless marriage. Symbols in Ethan Frome enrich the themes found in the novel as well as Wharton’s characterizations. A symbol functions literally as a concrete object and figuratively as a representation of an idea. Symbols allow writers to compress complicated ideas or views into an image or word. The most important use of symbolic imagery in Ethan Frome is the winter setting, which is first described in the prologue and is carried throughout the main story. Harmon Gow’s assessment of Ethan Frome early in the prologue is that he has endured too many Starkfield winters. From that point on, winter presides over the tragedy in all its manifestations of snow, ice, wind, cold, darkness, and death. The Narrator speculates that the winters in Ethan’s past must have brought about a suppression of life and spirit. Winter is also symbolic of the isolation, loneliness, and immobility that Ethan experiences. The name of the town, Starkfield, symbolizes the devastating and isolating effects of the harsh winters on the land and the men who work the land. The name is also symbolic of the stark and carefully composed prose Wharton used to write the story. Other symbols include the dead vine on the front porch of Fromes’ farmhouse that symbolizes the dead and dying spirits that inhabit the house and its adjacent graveyard, the farmhouse itself that has lost the â€Å"L† seems to be symbolic of Ethan (the house looks â€Å"forlorn† and â€Å"lonely†), it stands alone without support — isolated and lonely. The image of the butterfly, which has defied the cold and death of winter symbolizes freedom; freedom that Ethan is unable to attain because he is trapped in a loveless marriage. The cushion that Ethan throws across his study is the only cushion that Zeena ever made for him. Throwing it across the floor symbolizes his growing rejection of Zeena and his desire to run away with Mattie. Ethan thinks Mattie’s hair is one of her most beautiful features; it is symbolic of her free, happy, and open personality. Zeena’s hair, on the other hand, is always unattractively crimped and confined with pins, just as her personality seems pinched and constrained. The symbolic use of Mattie’s hair is more important at the climax of the novel, when it represents beauty and love, to which Ethan is willing to give his love — but can’t. The symbols used by Wharton in Ethan Frome reinforce the themes of silence, isolation, and entrapment; feelings that Ethan experiences i n his marriage. Wharton establishes patterns of imagery by using figurative language — language meant to be taken figuratively as well as literally. In Ethan Frome, Wharton’s descriptive imagery is one of the most important features of her simple and efficient prose style. Her descriptions serve a definite stylistic and structural purpose. The figurative language used by Wharton includes metaphors and similes. Metaphorscompare two unlike things without using words of comparison (such as like or as). For example, in the beginning of the novel, Wharton gives readers the feeling of the bitterness and hardness of the winter by setting the constellation, Orion, in a â€Å"sky of iron.† When Ethan and Mattie enter the Frome household after walking home, the kitchen has â€Å"the deadly chill of a vault after the dry cold of the night.† This image is appropriate to the living death that Ethan and Mattie experience in the years after their accident. Their lives do become cold and dead. The imagery associated with Zeena is bleak and cold also. When Ethan sees her before her trip to Bettsbridge, she sits in â€Å"the pale light reflected from the banks of snow,† which makes â€Å"her face look more than usually drawn and bloodless.† In contrast, the imagery associated with Mattie is associated with summer and natural life. Mattie’s change in mood reminds Ethan of â€Å"the flit of a bird in the branches† and he feels that walking with her is similar to â€Å"floating on a summer stream.† Later in the novel, when Ethan goes downstairs to tell Mattie that she will have to leave their house, their conversation has the effect of â€Å"a torch of warning† in a â€Å"black landscape.† Similes, comparisons of two unlike things that use words of comparison such as like oras, are direct comparisons that Wharton uses throughout the novel. At the beginning of the novel, Ethan’s perception of Mattie’s face is â€Å"like a window that has caught the sunset,† and later, he thinks her face seems â€Å"like a wheat field under a summer breeze.† As Ethan and Mattie walk home from the dance, Ethan reveals to Mattie that he had been hiding while she talked to Denis Eady. Wharton describes the moment when â€Å"her wonder and his laughter ran together like spring rills in a thaw.† The dead cucumber vine at the Frome farmhouse looks â€Å"like the crape streamer tied to the door for a death.† And, when Zeena tells Ethan that she should have sent Mattie away long ago because people were â€Å"talking,† the effect of her comment on Ethan is â€Å"like a knife-cut across the sinews. . . . † As Mattie and Ethan approach their crippling accident, darkness prevails over the imagery. Darkness comes, â€Å"dropping down like a black veil from the heavy hemlock boughs.† The b lack veil causes the reader to think of a funeral. Such figurative language evokes vivid images that reveal characterization and reinforce Wharton’s themes. Edith Wharton’s writing style is characterized by simplicity and control. Her choice of vocabulary and sentence structure, which is as stark as the lives led by her protagonists, is deceptive. Throughout the novel, Wharton builds up patterns of imagery, patterns of behavior, and specially charged words; all of which serve a definite stylistic and structural purpose. One of the best examples of Wharton’s careful control is seen in the descriptions of the events immediately before and after the â€Å"smash-up.† As Mattie and Ethan ride the sled down the hill, Wharton captures the initial thrill of the speed and then Ethan’s frenzied determination to drive them straight into the elm tree. Her prose slows down as she evokes Ethan’s return to consciousness. Not only in this example, but everywhere in the novel, her style is restrained, so that the way the words are arranged enhances their meaning without calling attention to the cleverness of the arrange ment. Because Wharton refrains from using unnecessary, superfluous modifiers, her descriptions seem to be almost elliptical or incomplete. She chooses adjectives and adverbs carefully and uses them infrequently. Her imagery is always appropriate to the limitations of her characters and is simply and subtly stated. For example, when Mattie and Ethan spend the evening together, Wharton uses the imagery of warmth and cold to complement characterization. She uses adjectives related to warmth when describing Mattie, and adjectives related to cold to describe Zeena. Other examples of elemental nature found in Wharton’s imagery are stars, the seasons, animals, vegetation, light, and darkness. Wharton’s use of structure contributes to the depiction of Ethan’s tragedy. The prologue and the epilogue, which take place some twenty years after the events of the main story, are written in first person from The Narrator’s point of view. Structurally, these portions of the novel constitute a â€Å"frame† around the story itself; however, this frame is more than a decoration. The prologue not only establishes the nature of theme and action, but also begins the characterization of Zeena and Ethan Frome. It also sets the important patterns of imagery and symbolism and starts a tone of omniscient narration throughout the body of the novel. Ethan is the only character who is thoroughly explored. Wharton’s attention to minor details and her use of structure to relay Ethan’s complicated and tragic life story to readers enables her to portray her characters as victims of the rules of society.

Dalai Lama

In the excerpt â€Å"Ethics and the New Genetics† The Dalai Lama, also known as Tenzin Gyatso, presents to use the new arising discovery that scientists made in genetic technologies and how advanced they are becoming. He discusses how scientists are talking about being able to change the genetic make-up in produce to help those who cannot or have the advantage of having food. Another thing he brings up is how the scientists also discovered two different types of cloning. One type of cloning is therapeutic and the other is reproductive. In the Dalai Lama’s excerpt he stated that there is right time and place for when we should use these technological and genetic advances. But at the same time if we use these technological and genetic advances in the wrong way or at the wrong time it can end up being a long term consequence for our present and future society. As the Dalai Lama stated we should these technological and genetics advances only when it is to benefit people as human beings. An example he discussed was for when the talk of changing the gene factor in produce should only be used to help feed the world, not for solely making the discovery of changing the shelf life of apples or having wheat and other grains immune to pests when growing in the field. These types of genetic changes should only be used to benefit the human race. By actively manipulating the gene, we are on the cusp of forcing as unnaturally quick rate of change in animals and plants as well as our own species† ( Dalai Lama, 77) Only realizing that there are a morally right reasons to do that, at the same time it could be endangering the future as Dalai Lama stated and in a way that is what is not be considered. The Dalai Lama did say however though that cloning is okay if we are using it to save lives, but not for the purpose of trying to have the perfect child for you or anyone else. Therapeutic cloning is the type of cloning that is meant to make a perfect child, which is wrong in almost every way. Though it is a tragedy for those families that cannot have let’s say a normal child or even have a child it is still not morally right to go and technology work on another child to give that family a child of their own. Reproductive cloning is simply creating an identical copy of an already born child and that is normal in today’s society because a lot of people have twins. But it is not normal for a family that cannot have a child to go and make a copy of another child, though as the Dalai Lama stated it may be an identical body, but there will be two different consciousnesses and they will still die. Overall, technological and genetic advances should only be solely used for the benefit for the human beings and the human benefit, not for as Dalai Lama mentioned commercial benefits.

Gustav Mahler Biography and Professional Activity Essay

Gustav Mahler Biography and Professional Activity - Essay Example Mahler entered the Vienne’s Conservatory. Mahler also entered Vienne’s University, studying philosophy and literature. At the Conservatory, he became friends with the future composer Hugo Wolf. Mahler graduated from the Conservatory but failed to achieve the prestigious silver medal The family of the Composer was very poor. His father Gustav Bernhard Mahler was a traveling salesman, who sold alcoholic beverages, sugar, and household products. His mother came from a family of a small manufacturer, producing soap. Gustav was the second of 14 children. Shortly after the birth of Gustav, his family moved to the small industrial town of Jihlava - an island of German culture in South Moravia, where Bernhard Mahler started a tavern. Here, the future composer felt passionately in love with folk dances and songs of the peoples of Austrian Empire: Austrian, German, Hebrew, Czech, Hungarian, Gypsy, Slovak, and so on. All those sounds later became the part of his musical palette. I n 6 years, Gustav began his studies on the piano, and in 10, he gave his first public concert in Jihlava.Despite the regular instruments, such as piano and violin, Mahler used to apply unusual instruments to create his symphonies. For instance, some of his compositions include tenor horn, guitar, mandolin and even cowbell. One can notice a lot of percussions is Mahler’s symphonies, which is quite a distinguishing feature comparing to other musicians of that time. Gustav Mahler was one of the greatest symphonic composers.

The Power of Unions in the U.S. Today Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Power of Unions in the U.S. Today - Essay Example Both the organizations play a significant role promoting legislation and policies favorable to workers in US and Canada. When federal and state laws are applicable to public sector unions, National Labor Relations Act (NLRA) regulates private sector unions. While analyzing the labor history of the United States, it is clear that labor unions have played an inevitable role in improving the wages and working conditions of labors. Today labor unions have some political powers and influences to force the government to form and amend labor laws to enhance the welfare of US workers. As Greenhouse points out, union workers earned median weekly income of $943 in 2012 whereas this income was only $742 in case of nonunion workers. According to a federal government evaluation on the pay scale in the country (as reported in Schultz and Schultz), it was identified that members of labor unions earn up to 33% more income than nonunion members. In addition, employees in a labor union enjoy more job security, high quality work environment, and other benefits than their nonunion counterparts (271-272). Although labor unions have been assisting employees to enjoy better wages, working conditions, and other benefits for decades, studies and reports indicate that the power of unions in the US is declining. While analyzing the statistical data on the union membership, it seems that today American unions have only a fraction of the influence they had a few decades ago. To illustrate, as Leves reports in CNN, nearly 20% workers were union members in 1983 and currently it has been dropped to 12%. This decline has been worse in the private sector where union membership fell from 17% in 1983 to only 7% today. The annual summary of the unionization in the United States published by the Bureau of Labor Statistics also comes up with the similar claims. According to this report (as cited in Warner), the union membership of wage and salary

Shell uses new refinery new reffinery to support sustainability Essay

Shell uses new refinery new reffinery to support sustainability - Essay Example addition to being a big project, the new transformation process has the potential of creating a new natural gas, which would contribute to earnings for the company. GTL gas is priced at roughly half the normal price of crude oil, which is likely to spur increased demand mostly due to lower natural gas prices. Shell is also likely to win the environmentally conscious consumers and businesses since GTL is purer than the traditional crude thus having a competitive edge over other companies in the energy business. The process of GTL however, has various production and operational barriers. The process is extremely expensive, considering the amount invested in the project, which is $ 19 million, and this has drawn the attention of critics who hold the view that alternative procedures are more cost effective. Moreover, the GTL process consumes a lot of energy, hence posing the question of the effectiveness of the projects’ environmental sustainability. Another barrier facing the venture is the fact that the GTL project can only make profits when oil prices are high and thus the company’s stakes are either a loss or a win with this particular venture. In the event of the project’s failure after 5 years, the company should not abandon the project all together. With the experience it had with a similar project in Malaysia, this should be an indication that the company should remain optimistic and keep the project running. The company should take into consideration the experience with the previous project to know what to do and what to avoid in this particular venture. Having worked through the numerous glitches in the GTL process, the company should be more confident in undertaking this particular project. Finally, Shell stand s to win more profitable relationships in future in case this project succeeds in the rich labour and energy resources Qatar. Thus, Shell should consider continuing with the venture even if it was to fail after 5